Product Code Database
Example Keywords: take -software $20
   » » Wiki: Old Master
Tag Wiki 'Old Master'.
Tag

Old Master
Search for ndash italian
 ( ) 

 C O N T E N T S 
Rank: 100%
Bluestar Bluestar Bluestar Bluestar Blackstar
  1. Wiki
  2. Comments
  3. Media

In , " Old Master" (or " old master")The term is spelled either way in the literature. Major UK and US dictionaries, incl. the Https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/old_master" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"> Oxford Online Dictionaries, American Heritage Dictionary, Macmillan, Cambridge, and Random House dictionaries use lowercase; Oxford English Dictionary, Collins, and Merriam-Webster dictionaries also mention the uppercase spelling. Old Masters Department, Christies.com. refers to any of who worked in Europe before about 1800, or a painting by such an artist. An "old master print" is an original (for example an , , or ) made by an artist in the same period. The term "old master " is used in the same way.

In theory, "Old Master" applies only to artists who were fully trained, were of their local artists' guild, and worked independently, but in practice, paintings produced by pupils or workshops are often included in the scope of the term. Therefore, beyond a certain level of competence, date rather than quality is the criterion for using the term.

Period covered
In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the term was often understood as having a starting date of perhaps 1450 or 1470; paintings made before that were "primitives", but this distinction is no longer made. The Oxford English Dictionary defines the term as "A pre-eminent artist of the period before the modern; esp. a pre-eminent western European painter of the 13th to 18th centuries." The first quotation given is from 1696, in the diary of : "My L: Pembroke..shewed me divers rare Pictures of very many of the old & best Masters, especially that of M: Angelo..,& a large booke of the best drawings of the old Masters.""old master, n. and adj." OED Online. Oxford University Press, December 2016. Web. The term is also used to refer to a painting or sculpture made by an Old Master, a usage datable to 1824. There are comparable terms in Dutch, French, and German; the Dutch may have been the first to make use of such a term, in the 18th century, when oude meester mostly meant painters of the Dutch Golden Age of the previous century. Les Maitres d'autrefois of 1876 by may have helped to popularize the concept, although "vieux maitres" is also used in French. The famous collection in at the Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister is one of the few museums to include the term in its actual name, although many more use it in the title of departments or sections. The collection in the Dresden museum essentially stops at the period.

The end date is necessarily vague – for example, (1746–1828) is certainly an Old Master, though he was still painting and at his death in 1828. The term might also be used for (1776–1837) or Eugène Delacroix (1798–1863), but usually is not. Edward Lucie-Smith gives an end date of 1800, noting "formerly used of paintings earlier than 1700". Lucie-Smith, Edward, The Thames & Hudson Dictionary of Art Terms, p. 152, 2003 (2nd edn), Thames & Hudson, World of Art series,

The term tends to be avoided by as too vague, especially when discussing paintings, although the terms "Old Master Prints" and "Old Master drawings" are still used. It remains current in the art trade. Auction houses still usually divide their sales between, for example, "Old Master Paintings", "Nineteenth-century paintings", and "Modern paintings". Christie's defined the term as ranging "from the 14th to the early 19th century".Now rewritten less succinctly to the same effect.

The relevant part of the large and important collection of the Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium in their main building in was renamed in recent years as the Oldmasters Museum in Dutch and English, and Musée Oldmasters in French. It was previously called the "Royal Museum of Ancient Art" in English (; ).

Anonymous artists
Artists, most often from early periods, whose hand has been identified by art historians, but to whom no identity can be confidently attached, are often given names (a ) by art historians such as Master E.S. (from his monogram), Master of Flémalle (from a previous location of a work), Master of Mary of Burgundy (from a patron), Master of Latin 757 (from the shelf mark of a manuscript he illuminated), Master of the Embroidered Foliage (from his characteristic technique), Master of the Brunswick Diptych, or Master of Schloss Lichtenstein.

List of the most important Old Master painters
Gothic/Proto-Renaissance
  • (Italian, 1240–1302), frescoes in the Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi
  • (Italian, 1267–1337), first Renaissance fresco painter
  • (Italian, 1255–1318), Sienese painter
  • (Italian, 1285–1344), Gothic painter of the
  • Ambrogio Lorenzetti (Italian, c. 1290–1348), Gothic painter
  • Pietro Lorenzetti (Italian, c. 1280–1348), Sienese school
  • Gentile da Fabriano (Italian, 1370–1427), International gothic painter
  • (Italian, 1370–1425), International gothic style
  • Masolino (Italian, c. 1383–c. 1447), Goldsmith trained painter
  • (Italian, c. 1395–c. 1455), International gothic painter and medallist
  • Sassetta (Italian, c. 1392–1450), Sienese International Gothic painter

Early Renaissance
  • (Italian, 1397–1475), schematic use of foreshortening
  • (Italian, 1400–1455), noted for San Marco convent frescoes
  • (Italian, 1401–1428), first to use linear perspective thereby giving sense of three-dimensionality plus developed new realism
  • Fra (Italian, 1406–1469), father of Filippino
  • Andrea del Castagno (Italian, 1410–1457)
  • Piero della Francesca (Italian, 1415–1492), painter who pioneered linear perspective
  • (Italian, 1420–1497)
  • Alesso Baldovinetti (Italian, 1425–1499)
  • (Italian, 1425–1515)
  • Antonello da Messina (Italian, 1430–1479), painter who pioneered oil painting
  • (Italian, 1430–1495)
  • (Italian, 1431–1506), master of perspective and detail
  • Antonio del Pollaiuolo (Italian, 1431–1498)
  • (Italian, 1435–1477)
  • Melozzo da Forli (Italian, 1438–1494)
  • (Italian, 1441–1523)
  • (Italian, c. 1446–1523), Raphael was his pupil
  • Verrocchio (Italian, c. 1435–1488)
  • Sandro Botticelli (Italian, c. 1445–1510), great Florentine master
  • Domenico Ghirlandaio (Italian, 1449–1494), prolific Florentine fresco painter
  • Pinturicchio (Italian, 1454–1513)
  • (Italian, 1457–1504), son of Filippo
  • Cima da Conegliano (Italian, 1459–1517)
  • Piero di Cosimo (Italian, 1462–1521)

High Renaissance
  • Francesco Francia (Italian, 1450–1517)
  • Leonardo da Vinci (Italian, 1452–1519), acclaimed oil painter and draughtsman
  • (Italian, 1460–1535)
  • (Italian, 1472–1517)
  • (Italian, 1475–1564), acclaimed sculptor, painter and architect
  • (Italian, c. 1480–1532)
  • (Italian, 1483–1520), acclaimed painter
  • (Italian, 1481–1559)
  • Ridolfo Ghirlandaio (Italian, 1483–1561)
  • Andrea del Sarto (Italian, 1486–1530)
  • Correggio (Italian, 1490–1534), painter from noted for illusionistic frescoes and altarpiece oils
  • Giulio Romano (Italian, c. 1499–1546)

Venetian School (Early Renaissance, High Renaissance and Mannerism)
  • Domenico Veneziano (Italian, 1400–1461), Early Renaissance
  • (Italian, 1400–1470), Early Renaissance
  • (Italian, 1429–1507), Early Renaissance, noted for historical scenes of and portraits of its doges
  • (Italian, 1430–1516), Early and High Renaissance, pioneer of luminous oil painting
  • Bartolommeo Vivarini (Italian, 1432–1499), Early Renaissance
  • (Italian, 1435–1495), Early Renaissance
  • (Italian, 1445–1503), Early Renaissance
  • Vittore Carpaccio (Italian, 1455–1526), Early Renaissance
  • (Italian, 1477–1510), High Renaissance, pioneer of Venetian School of painting
  • (Italian, c. 1488–1576), important High Renaissance-style exponent of colour painting in oils and frescoes
  • (Italian, 1480–1528), High Renaissance
  • (Italian, 1480–1556), High Renaissance
  • Sebastiano del Piombo (Italian, 1485–1547), High Renaissance
  • (Italian, 1515–1592), Mannerist painter noted for portraiture and religious genre painting
  • (Italian, 1518–1594), major Venetian Mannerist painter of monumental religious works
  • '' by Beccafumi, 1545]] (Italian, c. 1528–1588), High Renaissance-style, one of Venice's leading colourists

Sienese School
  • Giovanni di Paolo (Italian, 1403–1482), Early Renaissance
  • Matteo di Giovanni (Italian, 1430–1495), Early Renaissance
  • Francesco di Giorgio (Italian, 1439–1502), Early Renaissance
  • Il Sodoma (Italian, 1477–1549), High Renaissance
  • (Italian, 1486–1551), High Renaissance-Mannerist

Northern Renaissance
  • (Flemish, 1375–1444), Northern Renaissance artist who painted the "Mérode Altarpiece"
  • Jan van Eyck (Flemish, c. 1390–1441), pioneer oil painter
  • (German, c. 1400–c. 1446)
  • Rogier van der Weyden (Flemish, 1400–1464), Dutch artist and leading religious panel painter
  • (German, c. 1410–1451), German painter of the Cologne School
  • (Flemish, c. 1410–c. 1476)
  • (Flemish, 1420–1475)
  • (French, 1420–1489)
  • (German, fl. 1424–1435)
  • (German born-Flemish, 1430–1494), Flemish artist of the Bruges School
  • Martin Schongauer (German, 1430–1491)
  • (Austrian 1435–1498)
  • Hugo van der Goes (Flemish, 1440–1483), oil painter from the Netherlands
  • (Dutch, Early Netherlandish, 1450–1516)
  • (Flemish, 1450–1523)
  • Geertgen tot Sint Jans (Dutch, 1460–1490)
  • Hans Holbein the Elder (German, 1460–1524)
  • (Flemish, 1466–1530)
  • (Flemish, 1470–1533), c. 1508]]
  • Matthias Grünewald (German, 1470–1528), noted for his intense expressionist religious paintings
  • Albrecht Dürer (German, 1471–1528), greatest painter and printmaker of the Northern Renaissance
  • Lucas Cranach the Elder (German, 1472–1553), leading German Renaissance painter
  • (German, 1473–1531)
  • (French, 1475–1547)
  • Albrecht Altdorfer (German, 1480–1538), Danube School of painting
  • Maitre de Moulins (French, fl. 1480)
  • Hans Baldung Grien (German, 1484–1545), German Renaissance artist
  • (Flemish, 1485–1524), pioneer landscape painter of the Netherlandish Renaissance
  • Joos van Cleve (Flemish, 1485–1540)
  • Bernard van Orley (Flemish, 1488–1541)
  • Hans Springinklee (German, 1490–1540)
  • (Austrian, 1490–1553)
  • Lucas van Leyden (Dutch, 1494–1533)
  • Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495–1562)
  • Hans Holbein the Younger (German, 1497–1543), one of the greatest portrait painters
  • (German, 1500–1550)
  • (German, 1500–1550)
  • (German, 1502–1540)
  • Lucas Cranach the Younger (German, 1515–1586) between Saint Bernard and Saint Francis'' by Alonso Sánchez Coello, 1582]]
  • Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Flemish, c.1525–1569), leading artist of his day
  • (Flemish, 1570–1629)

Spanish Renaissance
  • Bartolomé Bermejo (Spanish, c. 1440–c. 1501)
  • Alonso Berruguete (Spanish, c. 1488–1561)
  • Luis de Morales (Spanish, 1512–1586)
  • Alonso Sánchez Coello (Spanish-Portuguese, 1531–1588)
  • (Greek-born Spanish, 1541–1614), noted for his dazzling spiritual works and portraits

Mannerism
  • (Italian, 1479–1542)
  • (Italian, 1487–1537)
  • Bartolommeo Bandinelli (Italian, 1493–1560)
  • (Italian, 1494–1556), Florentine fresco/oil painter
  • (Italian, 1494–1540)
  • Maarten van Heemskerck (Dutch, 1498–1574)
  • Alessandro Moretto (Italian, 1498–1555)
  • (Croatian-born Italian, 1498–1578)
  • (Italian, 1500–1550)
  • (Italian, 1503–1540), Mannerist painter/etcher from Parma
  • Bronzino (Italian, 1503–1572)
  • Jacob Seisenegger (Austrian, 1505–1567)
  • (Dutch, 1508–1575)
  • François Clouet (French 1510–1572)
  • (Italian, 1511–1575), known for his Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects
  • (Flemish, 1519–1576), 1567]]
  • Giovanni Battista Moroni (Italian, 1525–1578)
  • (Italian, 1526–1612)
  • Giuseppe Arcimboldo (Italian, 1527–1593), best known for his bizarre Mannerist fruit and vegetable portraits
  • (Italian, 1529–1608), hugely influential Mannerist sculptor
  • (Flemish, 1540–1619)
  • (Italian, 1542–1598)
  • Bartholomeus Spranger (Flemish, 1546–1611)
  • Karel van Mander (Flemish, 1548–1606)
  • Abraham Bloemaert (Dutch, 1566–1651)
  • (Dutch, 1566–1638)
  • (German, 1578–1610), influential German landscape and history painter who influenced Rubens

Baroque painting
  • (Italian, 1555–1630)
  • Ludovico Carracci (Italian, 1555–1619)
  • (Italian, 1556–1629)
  • Agostino Carracci (Italian, 1557–1602)
  • (Italian, 1559–1613)
  • Bartolomeo Carducci (Italian, 1560–1610)
  • Annibale Carracci (Italian, 1560–1609), leader of the
  • Orazio Gentileschi (Italian, 1563–1639)
  • Hans Rottenhammer (German, 1564–1625)
  • Pieter Brueghel the Younger (Flemish, 1564–1636)
  • Francisco Pacheco (Spanish, 1564–1654)
  • Francisco Ribalta (Spanish, 1565–1628)
  • Jan Brueghel the Elder (Flemish, 1568–1625)
  • Juan Martínez Montañés (Spanish, 1568–1649)
  • (Italian, 1573–1610), noted for his figurative realism and
  • (Italian, 1575–1642)
  • Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish, 1577–1640), foremost Baroque history painter and portraitist
  • (German, 1578–1610)
  • (Italian, 1581–1644)
  • Juan Bautista Maíno (Spanish, 1581–1649)
  • (German, 1590–1631)
  • Jusepe de Ribera (Spanish, 1591–1652), Naples-based religious realist painter and printmaker
  • (Italian, 1591–1666)
  • Artemisia Gentileschi (Italian, 1592–1656)
  • Georges de La Tour (French, 1593–1652)
  • (Flemish, 1593–1678)
  • Louis Le Nain (French, 1593–1648)
  • (French, 1594–1665), main classical artist of his time
  • Pietro da Cortona (Italian, 1596–1669), painter and architect
  • Francisco de Zurbarán (Spanish, 1598–1664), master of known for his religious paintings and still lifes
  • Gian Lorenzo Bernini (Italian, 1598–1680), the dominant sculptor and architect of the era
  • Antoine Le Nain (French, 1599–1648)
  • Anthony van Dyck (Flemish, 1599–1641), portraitist living in London
  • Diego Velázquez (Spanish, 1599–1660), regarded as the greatest artist of the Spanish Golden Age
  • (French, 1600–1682), landscape artist
  • (Spanish, 1601–1667)
  • Jan Brueghel the Younger (Flemish, 1601–1678)
  • Mathieu Le Nain (French, 1607–1677)
  • Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione (Italian, 1609–1664)
  • Juan Bautista Martínez del Mazo (Spanish, c. 1612–1667)
  • (Italian, 1613–1699)
  • (Italian, 1613–1673)
  • Juan Carreño de Miranda (Spanish, 1614–1685)
  • (Italian, 1616–1686)
  • Bartolomé Esteban Murillo (Spanish, 1617–1682), one of the most influential religious painters
  • Charles Le Brun (French, 1619–1690), leading painter in the court of
  • Juan de Valdés Leal (Spanish, 1622–1690)
  • Pedro de Mena (Spanish, 1628–1688)
  • (Italian, 1634–1705)

Dutch Golden Age and Flemish Baroque painting
  • (Flemish, 1576–1639)
  • (Flemish, 1578–1657), master of Baroque still life from the Antwerp School
  • (Flemish-born Dutch, 1580–1666), one of the greatest post-Renaissance portraitists
  • (Dutch, 1583–1633)
  • Hendrick Terbrugghen (Dutch, 1588–1629), Dutch Realist genre painter and a leading member of the Utrecht Caravaggisti
  • Gerrit van Honthorst (Dutch, 1590–1636)
  • Dirck van Baburen (Dutch, 1595–1624)
  • (Dutch, 1600–1652)
  • (Flemish, c. 1605–1638), noted for his tavern-based genre paintings
  • (Dutch, 1606–1669), , portraits, etchings
  • (Dutch, 1607–1674)
  • Jacob Adriaensz Backer (Dutch, 1608–1651)
  • (Dutch, 1616–1680)'' by , 1623]]
  • Jan Havickszoon Steen (Dutch, 1625–1679), Leiden School, tavern genre scenes
  • Jan Davidsz de Heem (Dutch, 1609–1683), still-life artist of the Utrecht/Antwerp School
  • David Teniers the Younger (Flemish, 1610–1690), Dutch Realist known for his peasant/
  • Adriaen van Ostade (Dutch, 1610–1685), peasant scene artist of the Haarlem School
  • (Dutch, 1615–1660)
  • (Dutch, 1613–1675)
  • Frans van Mieris the Elder (Dutch, 1635–1681)
  • (Dutch, 1617–1681), Haarlem School genre painter
  • (Dutch, 1619–1693), noted for still-life pictures
  • (Dutch, 1620–1691), Dordrecht School landscape painter
  • Samuel van Hoogstraten (Dutch, 1627–1678), genre painter
  • Jan de Bray (Dutch, 1627–1697)
  • Jacob van Ruisdael (Dutch, 1628–1682), Haarlem School landscape artist
  • (Dutch, 1629–1667), intimate small-scale genre scenes
  • Pieter de Hooch (Dutch, 1629–1683), Delft School of Dutch genre painting
  • (Dutch, 1632–1675), Delft School Dutch genre painter, little-known in his own lifetime
  • (Dutch, 1638–1709)
  • Aert de Gelder (Dutch, 1645–1727)
  • Adriaen van der Werff (Dutch, 1659–1722)
  • (Dutch, 1664–1750), important female flower painter from Amsterdam
  • Jan Roos (Flemish, 1591–1638), painter influencing the genoese school, known for his still life paintings of flowers and vegetables, mythological and religious scenes and portraits

Rococo
  • Giovanni Battista Piazzetta (Italian, 1682–1754), master of the
  • Jean-Antoine Watteau (French, 1684–1721), author of the first fête galante
  • Giovan Battista Pittoni (Italian, 1687–1767), known for sacred families and children
  • Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (Italian, 1691–1770), known for his frescoes, as in Würzburg Residence
  • Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin (French, 1699–1779), important 18th-century still-life artist
  • François Boucher (French, 1703–1770), noted for female nudes
  • Charles-André van Loo (French, 1705– 1765), painter of portraiture, religion, mythology, allegory, and genre scenes.
  • (Italian, 1708–1787)
  • Martin Johann Schmidt (Austrian, 1718–1801), important 18th-century Austrian Late Baroque painter
  • Jean-Baptiste Greuze (French, 1725–1805), important 18th-century painter
  • François-Hubert Drouais (French, 1727– 1775), French portraitist to the royal family, King Louis XV and Queen Marie Leczinska, and members of the nobility
  • Jean-Honoré Fragonard (French, 1732–1806)
  • Louise Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun (French, 1755–1842), later Neoclassical

British

Vedutism
  • (Italian, 1697–1768), famous for of Venice
  • Giovanni Paolo Panini (Italian, 1691–1765)
  • Francesco Zuccarelli (Italian, 1702–1789), known for Arcadian landscapes
  • (Italian, 1712–1793), view painter of Venice School
  • Giambattista Piranesi (Italian, 1720–1778)
  • Bernardo Bellotto (Italian, 1720–1780), Canaletto's nephew depicting Warsaw

Neoclassicism
  • Anton Raphael Mengs (German, 1728–1779), friend of Johann Joachim Winckelmann
  • (German, 1733–1810)
  • (American-born British, 1738–1820)
  • Angelica Kauffman (Swiss-born, 1741–1807)
  • Jacques-Louis David (French, 1748–1825), chief artist of the French Revolution and Napoleon
  • Antoine-Jean Gros (French, 1771–1835), pupil of Jacques-Louis David
  • Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres (French, 1780–1867)

Romanticism
  • (French, 1733–1808), painter noted for picturesque depictions of ruins
  • Francisco de Goya (Spanish, 1746–1828)
  • (Scottish, 1756–1823)
  • (British, 1757–1827), symbolist religious painter, printmaker and book illustrator
  • Caspar David Friedrich (German, 1774–1840)
  • J. M. W. Turner (English, 1775–1851)
  • (English, 1776–1837)
  • Théodore Géricault (French, 1791–1824)
  • Eugène Delacroix (French, 1798–1863)

See also
  • Master printmaker
  • Old master print

External links

: , ,
Page 1 of 1
1
Page 1 of 1
1

Account

Social:
Pages:  ..   .. 
Items:  .. 
Click to view the UPC Scavenger App on google play.

Navigation

General: Atom Feed Atom Feed  .. 
Help:  ..   .. 
Category:  ..   .. 
Media:  ..   .. 
Posts:  ..   ..   .. 

Statistics

Page:  .. 
Summary:  .. 
1 Tags
10/10 Page Rank
5 Page Refs
4s Time